Since the Japanese had repeatedly poured reinforcements into the struggle for the Solomons, American planners at Pearl Harbor concluded that this was yet another such operation.Halsey was under pressure to relieve the 2nd Marine Division, weary from months of vicious combat with crack Japanese land forces on Guadalcanal. Later, he was found by the ship’s medical officer still clutching the oil valve in a heroic attempt to close it.
The Battle of Rennell Island began on January 29, 1943, when Japanese shore-based aircraft attacked Task Force 18 cruisers and destroyers covering the movement of transports toward Guadalcanal. Giffen’s potent Task Force 18 consisted of three heavy cruisers–Ike Giffen was not new to command. Tollberg was severely burned and blinded by a spurt of live steam from a damaged pipe.
The battle of Rennell Island (29-30 January 1943) was a clash between Japanese aircraft and a US Navy task force escorting reinforcements to Guadalcanal that ended as a clear Japanese victory after they sank the heavy cruiser USS Chicago (CA-29). His anti-aircraft gunners had the new proximity Mark-32 shell fuses, which automatically exploded whenever the shell came near an aircraft. He eagerly awaited developments as Giffen’s force steamed toward Guadalcanal.The action began unfolding in late January, when American aerial reconnaissance spotted indications of a Japanese buildup at their major port of Rabaul, on the island of New Britain, and at Buin, on the island of Bougainville. Higai’s first wave inflicted no damage on the American ships, which had managed to avoid all the torpedoes by zigzagging, and the Americans had downed at least one Betty. As a result, the planes received no assistance in pinpointing the radar sightings from the fighter-director team aboard At 1850 the American aircraft returned to their carriers, having failed to spot anything.
Gunners did not have to hit a bomber; they only had to shoot in its vicinity. Lieutenant Commander Joji Higai could not have been more pleased in late January 1943.
During the afternoon of January 30, he launched a group of Japanese aircraft to chase At 1540, four American fighters spotted an advance Japanese aircraft and darted after her. Four groups steamed anywhere from 250 to 400 miles behind the two forward groups. Giffen took most of the ships along with him and left only six destroyers to screen the The Japanese air fleet commander at Rabaul, Vice Adm. Jinichi Kusaka, did not intend to let the damaged cruiser escape his clutches. An increasing number of troop transports and freighters mingled with destroyers at those locations, and Japanese carriers and battleships appeared to be on the prowl north of Guadalcanal. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 5,000 articles originally published in our various magazines.
Never expecting the Japanese to mount an attack after dark, Giffen declined to send up another combat air patrol, despite the remaining daylight.At about that same time, Lt. Cmdr. One Betty careened into the ocean astern of Luck at first shielded the Americans from harm. Radio intelligence supported the theory that a Japanese move was imminent.
While it was appropriate for the Atlantic, this formation left the ships open to air attack–the predominant method of Japanese assault in the Pacific.
To the starboard steamed Because of his experience operating against German U-boats, Giffen stationed his six destroyers in a semicircle two miles ahead.
The combined force would then steam north through Solomon waters in search of Japanese ships while the transports dropped off Marine reinforcements at Lunga Point.A string of mistakes and poor judgment by Giffen plagued the operation from the start. After receiving orders from Admiral Halsey to steam toward Efate, Giffen split Task Force 18 during the afternoon of January 30. "The Six-Month Struggle for Guadalcanal".
Any setback, no matter how small, was thus seen as a threat to the success of the American war effort.Naval historian Samuel Eliot Morison offered a calmer summation of the Battle of Rennell Island. One torpedo dropped from a Betty and churned through the waters toward At 1938 Higai dipped his aircraft and charged through thick anti-aircraft fire toward a ship.
Photographed from USS In addition to protecting the troop convoy, TF 18 was charged with rendezvousing with a force of four U.S. destroyers, stationed at Tulagi, at 21:00 on 29 January in order to conduct a sweep up "Giffen's force was tracked by Japanese submarines, who reported its location and movement.Chart of Japanese air attack (dashed red line) on U.S.
Brightly illuminated against the black backdrop of the Pacific Ocean and steaming in a straight course, Task Force 18 became an easy mark for Higai’s aviators, who focused upon Giffen’s right-hand cruiser column, consisting of Giffen did have one ace in the hole. Task Force 18 (solid black line) between Rennell Island and Guadalcanal on the evening of 29 January 1943At sunset, as TF 18 headed northwest 50 mi (43 nmi; 80 km) north of Rennell Island and 160 mi (140 nmi; 260 km) south of Guadalcanal, several of Giffen's ships detected unidentified aircraft on The radar contacts were, in fact, the approaching 31 Japanese torpedo bombers, who circled around to the south of TF 18 so that they could attack from the east, with the black backdrop of the eastern sky behind them.
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