The Social Democratic Party (SPD) and The Left (Die Linke) took control of the city government after the 2001 state election and won another term in the 2006 state election. [179] The John F. Kennedy School, a bilingual German–American public school in Zehlendorf, is particularly popular with children of diplomats and the English-speaking expatriate community. [8][9] Its 3,769,495 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2019[2] makes it the most-populous city of the European Union, according to population within city limits. [224] Berlin is well known for its offerings of vegetarian[225] and vegan[226] cuisine and is home to an innovative entrepreneurial food scene promoting cosmopolitan flavors, local and sustainable ingredients, pop-up street food markets, supper clubs, as well as food festivals, such as Berlin Food Week. Bei eBay finden Sie Artikel aus der ganzen Welt. [222] The Kookaburra and the Quatsch Comedy Club are known for satire and stand-up comedy shows. Of the estimated population of 30,000–45,000 Jewish residents,[112] approximately 12,000 are registered members of religious organizations.[107]. The Volksbühne at Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz was built in 1913–14, though the company had been founded in 1890. The city's appearance today has been predominantly shaped by the key role it played in Germany's history during the 20th century. According to figures from the International Congress and Convention Association in 2015 Berlin became the leading organizer of conferences in the world hosting 195 international meetings. [145] Some of these congress events take place on venues such as CityCube Berlin or the Berlin Congress Center (bcc). Berlin has a long history of discoveries in medicine and innovations in medical technology. Since 2017, the digital television standard in Berlin and Germany is DVB-T2. [247] A Fan Fest at Brandenburg Gate, which attracts several hundred-thousand spectators, has become popular during international soccer competitions, like the UEFA European Championship. Both offer electric power and natural gas supply. It is bordered by two similarly designed cathedrals, the Französischer Dom with its observation platform and the Deutscher Dom. The Charité Medical School has around 8,000 students. In 1993 the power grid connections in the Berlin-Brandenburg capital region were renewed. Berlin lies in northeastern Germany, east of the River Elbe, that once constituted, together with the River (Saxon or Thuringian) Saale (from their confluence at Barby onwards), the eastern border of the Frankish Realm. Turkish and Arab immigrants brought their culinary traditions to the city, such as the lahmajoun and falafel, which have become common fast food staples. [32], In 1740, Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great (1740–1786), came to power. The neighborhoods have no local government bodies. Berlin is well known for its highly developed bicycle lane system. [174] The modern history of medicine has been significantly influenced by scientists from Berlin. [65] The connecting link of U-Bahn line U5 from Alexanderplatz to Hauptbahnhof, along with the new stations Rotes Rathaus and Unter den Linden, opened on 4 December 2020, with the Museumsinsel U-Bahn station expected to open around March 2021, which would complete all new works on the U5. This will be the first time Germany has ever hosted the Special Olympics World Games. [192], One of Europe's successful research, business and technology clusters is based at WISTA in Berlin-Adlershof, with more than 1,000 affiliated firms, university departments and scientific institutions.[193]. These include the Old National Gallery, the Bode Museum, the Pergamon Museum, the German Historical Museum, the Jewish Museum Berlin, the Natural History Museum, the Humboldt Forum, the Berlin State Library, the Berlin State Opera, the Berlin Philharmonic and the Berlin Marathon.[26]. Turkish, Arabic, Kurdish and Serbo-Croatian are heard more often in the western part, due to the large Middle Eastern and former-Yugoslavian communities. Berlin is home to 44 theaters and stages. [160] Deutsche Bahn runs high speed Intercity-Express trains to domestic destinations like Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Stuttgart, Frankfurt am Main and others. [133] [3] As of 2019[update] the functional urban area was home to about 5.2 million people. The Messe Berlin (also known as Berlin ExpoCenter City) is the main convention organizing company in the city. For several years Berlin has been recognized as a major center of business founders. This includes the Hackesche Höfe, a conglomeration of buildings around several courtyards, reconstructed around 1996. [203], In Dahlem, there are several museums of world art and culture, such as the Museum of Asian Art, the Ethnological Museum, the Museum of European Cultures, as well as the Allied Museum. A series of lakes also feeds into the upper Spree, which flows through the Großer Müggelsee in eastern Berlin.[68]. Nous voudrions effectuer une description ici mais le site que vous consultez ne nous en laisse pas la possibilité. While the Frankish Realm was primarily inhabited by Germanic tribes like the Franks and the Saxons, the regions east of the border rivers were inhabited by Slavic tribes. Berlin's Expats Go Bezirk", "Egypt battling for more relics after Louvre success", "Dealer Will Enrich Art of the Berlin He Fled", "Graffiti in the death strip: the Berlin wall's first street artist tells his story", "The 26 Best Cities in the World To See Street Art", "Art of Now – Berlin's Nightlife – BBC Sounds", "Berlin Philharmonic elects Sir Simon Rattle", "In the Capital of Electronic Music, Women Rule the Scene", "Good Taste Award Winner 2015: Berlin, The New Vegetarian Capital", "Conscious Food Consumption at Berlin's Restlos Glücklich", "Spicy sausage that is worthy of a shrine in Berlin", "Chocolate Heaven at Fassbender & Rausch", "There's Nothing More German Than a Big, Fat Juicy Döner Kebab", "Peter Joseph Lenné, Senate Department of Urban Development", "Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin", "Melbourne retains ultimate sports city title", "Italy conquer the world as Germany wins friends", "Euroleague Final Four returns to Berlin in 2016", "Berlin, Germany selected to host the 2023 Special Olympics World Games", "500,000 spectators to watch the game together", "Der Landessportbund Berlin – Mitglieder", "Berlin's swimming pools and bathing spots", Cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, states of the Federal Republic of Germany, Institutional seats of the European Union, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, American Foundation for AIDS Research (AMFAR), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Spanish Organization for the Blind (ONCE), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berlin&oldid=1015620463, Populated places established in the 13th century, 1230s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from November 2020, Articles with dead external links from July 2019, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Pages using multiple image with manual scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2021, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, BVG / Operates predominantly in eastern boroughs, BVG / Extensive services in all boroughs / 62 Night Lines, BVG / Transportation as well as recreational ferries, 2020: Spanish health workers on the front line against, This page was last edited on 2 April 2021, at 14:42. The founding of the two German states increased Cold War tensions. Each erotic goddess and sexy solo girl poses, plays, and sometimes masturbates to arouse you. The hottest pornstars and MILFs with Big Tits The name Berlin has its roots in the language of West Slavic inhabitants of the area of today's Berlin, and may be related to the Old Polabian stem berl-/birl- ("swamp"). Vehicles were registered under the following prefixes: "I A" (1906 – April 1945; devalidated on 11 August 1945); no prefix, only digits (from July to August 1945), "БГ" (=BG; 1945–46, for cars, trucks and busses), "ГФ" (=GF; 1945–46, for cars, trucks and busses), "БM" (=BM; 1945–47, for motor bikes), "ГM" (=GM; 1945–47, for motor bikes), "KB" (i.e. Airline service to West Berlin was granted only to American, British and French airlines. [123], Berlin is the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany. The metropolis is a popular tourist destination. The Hamburger Bahnhof, in Moabit, exhibits a major collection of modern and contemporary art. The borough's mayors make up the council of mayors (Rat der Bürgermeister), which is led by the city's Governing Mayor and advises the Senate. [122] Town twinning between Berlin and other cities began with its sister city Los Angeles in 1967. [154], In 2019, Berlin has the best future prospects of all cities in Germany, according to HWWI and Berenberg Bank. West Berlin officially remained an occupied city, but it politically was aligned with the Federal Republic of Germany despite West Berlin's geographic isolation. In addition around 20 news agencies, more than 90 regional daily newspapers and their websites, as well as the Berlin offices of more than 22 national publications such as Der Spiegel, and Die Zeit reenforce the capital's position as Germany's epicenter for influential debate. The Konzerthaus (Concert Hall), home of the Berlin Symphony Orchestra, stands between the two cathedrals. [104], According to the 2011 census, approximately 37 percent of the population reported being members of a legally-recognized church or religious organization. Berlin (/bɜːrˈlɪn/; German: [bɛʁˈliːn] (listen)[7]) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. [102], There are more than 20 nonindigenous communities with a population of at least 10,000 people, including Turkish, Polish, Russian, Lebanese, Palestinian, Serbian, Italian, Bosnian, Vietnamese, American, Romanian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Chinese, Austrian, Ukrainian, French, British, Spanish, Israeli, Thai, Iranian, Egyptian and Syrian communities. [26][194] The diversity and vivacity of the metropolis led to a trendsetting atmosphere. [182] A record number of 175,651 students were enrolled in the winter term of 2015/16. The Museum Island in the River Spree houses five museums built from 1830 to 1930 and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Falls ein Verkäufer in den USA oder Großbritannien ansässig ist, kann er das eBay-Programm zum weltweiten Versand (GSP) nutzen. It is a West Germanic language that derives most of its vocabulary from the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. ", "In Germany, a Jewish community now thrives", "Berlins jüdische Gotteshäuser vor der Pogromnacht 1938: Untergang einer religiösen Vielfalt", "Verfassung von Berlin – Abschnitt IV: Die Regierung", "Berliner Haushalt Finanzsenator bleibt trotz sprudelnder Steuereinnahmen vorsichtig", "Berlin Mayor, Symbol of Openness, Has National Appeal", "Städtepartnerschaftsverein Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg e. V.", "Gesetz über die Feststellung des Bundeshaushaltsplans für das Haushaltsjahr 2014", "Berlin hat so wenig Arbeitslose wie seit 24 Jahren nicht", "In Berlin gibt es so viele Beschäftigte wie nie zuvor", "Immer mehr Konzerne suchen den Spirit Berlins", "The Science and Technology Park Berlin-Adlershof", "Arbeitslosenquote nach Bundesländern in Deutschland 2018 | Statista", "Berlin's 'poor but sexy' appeal turning city into European Silicon Valley", "Berlin outranks London in start-up investment", "DB Schenker to concentrate control functions in Frankfurt am Main", "A German Publisher Is Winning the Internet", "Bayer Worldwide: Activities and Directions to the German Sites", "Berlin Welcomes Record Numbers of Tourists and Convention Participants in 2014", "Berlin No.1 city and Germany No.2 country in new ICCA rankings", "Culture and Creative Industries Index Berlin-Brandenburg 2015", "Quality of Living City Ranking | Mercer", "Munich Named The Most Livable City In The World", "München rutscht ab: Städte-Studie sieht Berlin auf dem Spitzenplatz", "Berlins Arbeitsmarkt boomt – aber die Armut bleibt groß", "Politik national » Nachrichten zu Bund und Ländern | Handelsblatt", "Whatever happened to Berlin's deserted 'ghost' airport? The Admiralspalast in Mitte has a vibrant program of variety and music events. As of 2018, the three largest banks headquartered in the capital were Deutsche Kreditbank, Landesbank Berlin and Berlin Hyp.[142]. Juni, connecting the Brandenburg Gate and Ernst-Reuter-Platz, serves as the central east–west axis. After completing primary school, students continue to the Sekundarschule (a comprehensive school) or Gymnasium (college preparatory school). [248], In 2013 around 600,000 Berliners were registered in one of the more than 2,300 sport and fitness clubs. [64] Due to the fall in passenger numbers resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, plans were announced to temporarily close BER's Terminal 5, the former Schönefeld Airport, beginning in March 2021 for up to one year. [183] Among them around 18% have an international background. [39] Frederick William, known as the "Great Elector", who had succeeded his father George William as ruler in 1640, initiated a policy of promoting immigration and religious tolerance. [42] Many other immigrants came from Bohemia, Poland, and Salzburg. [235], The Tiergarten park in Mitte, with landscape design by Peter Joseph Lenné, is one of Berlin's largest and most popular parks. [208] Verlag CH Beck, 2010. The KitKatClub and several other locations are known for their sexually uninhibited parties. [237] Tempelhofer Feld, the site of the former city airport, is the world's largest inner-city open space. speech, is in Tempelhof-Schöneberg. The Beate Uhse Erotic Museum claims to be the world's largest erotic museum.[204]. The Kurfürstendamm is home to some of Berlin's luxurious stores with the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church at its eastern end on Breitscheidplatz. [172], From 1865 until 1976 Berlin had an extensive pneumatic postal network, which at its peak in 1940, totaled 400 kilometers in length. Twelve restaurants in Berlin have been included in the Michelin Guide of 2015, which ranks the city at the top for the number of restaurants having this distinction in Germany. In 1539, the electors and the city officially became Lutheran. Berlin has installed several hundred free public Wireless LAN sites across the capital since 2016. Berlin is subdivided into 12 boroughs or districts (Bezirke). [176] The Charité is a joint institution of the Freie Universität Berlin and the Humboldt University of Berlin, including a wide range of institutes and specialized medical centers. Kom förbi och låt dig inspireras. Winters are cool with average high temperatures of 3 °C (37 °F) and lows of −2 to 0 °C (28 to 32 °F). The Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute develops mobile and stationary broadband communication networks and multimedia systems. From 1470, with the new elector Albrecht III Achilles, Berlin-Cölln became the new royal residence. [134] Within the Eurozone, Berlin has become a center for business relocation and international investments. [70], Berlin has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb);[71] the eastern part of the city has a slight continental influence (Dfb), especially in the 0 °C isotherm, one of the changes being the annual rainfall according to the air masses and the greater abundance during a period of the year. [170] Cyclists have access to 620 km (385 mi) of bicycle paths including approximately 150 km (93 mi) of mandatory bicycle paths, 190 km (118 mi) of off-road bicycle routes, 60 km (37 mi) of bicycle lanes on roads, 70 km (43 mi) of shared bus lanes which are also open to cyclists, 100 km (62 mi) of combined pedestrian/bike paths and 50 km (31 mi) of marked bicycle lanes on roadside pavements (or sidewalks). The nearby New Synagogue is the center of Jewish culture. [223], The cuisine and culinary offerings of Berlin vary greatly. Located in Mitte, KW Institute for Contemporary Art, KOW, Sprüth Magers; Kreuzberg there are a few galleries as well such as Blain Southern, Esther Schipper, Future Gallery, König Gallerie. Many Classical buildings line the street and part of Humboldt University is there. The Berlin State Opera on Unter den Linden opened in 1742 and is the oldest of the three. In 1443, Frederick II Irontooth started the construction of a new royal palace in the twin city Berlin-Cölln. Furthermore, Berlin is the seat of many Orthodox cathedrals, such as the Cathedral of St. Boris the Baptist, one of the two seats of the Bulgarian Orthodox Diocese of Western and Central Europe, and the Resurrection of Christ Cathedral of the Diocese of Berlin (Patriarchate of Moscow). Therefore, many international journalists, bloggers and writers live and work in the city. [97] Young Germans, EU-Europeans and Israelis have also settled in the city. In Lichtenberg, on the grounds of the former East German Ministry for State Security, is the Stasi Museum. Additional suburbs soon developed and increased the area and population of Berlin. Edition Luisenstadt Berlin, Nr. The victorious powers divided the city into four sectors, analogous to the occupation zones into which Germany was divided. [citation needed] In 2012, around 7,600 mostly beige colored taxicabs were in service. Albert Einstein rose to public prominence during his years in Berlin, being awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. After the war, the repaired bridge served as a checkpoint and border crossing between the Soviet and American sectors, and later between East and West Berlin. [168] Tegel Airport was a focus city for Lufthansa and Eurowings while Schönefeld served as an important destination for airlines like Germania, easyJet and Ryanair. Unter den Linden is a tree-lined east–west avenue from the Brandenburg Gate to the site of the former Berliner Stadtschloss, and was once Berlin's premier promenade. Berlin is home to at least 180,000 Turkish and Turkish German residents,[2] making it the largest Turkish community outside of Turkey. The rest either did not belong to such an organization, or there was no information available about them.[105]. Other landmarks include the Brandenburg Gate, the Reichstag building, Potsdamer Platz, the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, the Berlin Wall Memorial, the East Side Gallery, the Berlin Victory Column, Berlin Cathedral and the Berlin Television Tower, the tallest structure in Germany. [101] Boroughs of Berlin with a significant number of migrants or foreign born population are Mitte, Neukölln and Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg. [177] Deutsche Bahn is planning to introduce Wi-Fi services in long distance and regional trains in 2017. [199] The ensemble on the Museum Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is in the northern part of the Spree Island between the Spree and the Kupfergraben. 36,90€ Football Manager 2021. Tegel Airport was within the city limits, and Schönefeld Airport was located at the same site as the BER. Some of the city's electric energy is imported from nearby power plants in southern Brandenburg.[173]. [164] Previously set to open in 2012, after extensive delays and cost overruns, it opened for commercial operations in October 2020. It originates from a Brandenburgish variant. 5,422 km (3,369 mi) of roads run through Berlin, of which 77 km (48 mi) are motorways (Autobahn). [48], The Industrial Revolution transformed Berlin during the 19th century; the city's economy and population expanded dramatically, and it became the main railway hub and economic center of Germany. The Governing Mayor is simultaneously Lord Mayor of the City of Berlin (Oberbürgermeister der Stadt) and Minister President of the State of Berlin (Ministerpräsident des Bundeslandes). [27] Since the Ber- at the beginning sounds like the German word Bär (bear), a bear appears in the coat of arms of the city. In 1709, Berlin merged with the four cities of Cölln, Friedrichswerder, Friedrichstadt and Dorotheenstadt under the name Berlin, "Haupt- und Residenzstadt Berlin".
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