Thomas Alexander Hughes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2016, 544 pagesWhat do most of us know about Fleet Adm. William “Bull” Halsey? On June 4, Spruance and Fletcher engaged four Japanese carriers at the After further schooling at the Stevens Preparatory School in New Jersey, Spruance applied to and was accepted by the US Naval Academy in 1903. In the years to follow he accumulated an enormous amount of seagoing experience. His heart was Navy blue and gold, and it pumped salt water each of his seventy-six years. It was a major contribution to American strategy, and Gen. Douglas MacArthur took note. FADM William F. Halsey, USN, wt. And he got away with it.Nor was that all. Ambassador to the Philippines in 1952-55. For his actions, Spruance received the Distinguished Service Medal and, later that month, Nimitz named him as his Chief of Staff and Aide. At length Rear Adm. Robert “Mick” Carney confronted his boss: “Stop it! Raised in Indianapolis, IN, he attended school locally and graduated from Shortridge High School. Traveling to the Pacific, he was in this post when the Japanese
They arrived at Pearl Harbor in the middle of the Japanese attack and several were shot from the sky. Thus, he was present when Japan surrendered aboard In December 1945 Halsey was promoted to Fleet Admiral, a year after King, Nimitz, and White House chief of staff William D. Leahy. But Halsey had allies if not always friends in high places. MacArthur’s staff expected no substantial opposition to the landings while Halsey predicted small operations similar to the Solomons’ “Tokyo Express.”So the drama played out. Serving in Manila, Spruance remained abroad until resigning his post in 1955. Maintaining a position offshore, the Fifth Fleet's ships were subjected to relentless kamikaze attacks by Japanese aircraft. I think you make a good point, but I don't buy it. Four years later, President Harry S. Truman appointed him as Ambassador to the Republic of the Philippines. Nimitz apparently felt a lingering loyalty to the Bull of 1942, and whereas King was notably unsentimental, he refused to hand the army a talking point when the postwar political climate clearly showed more feuds over budgets, roles, and missions.Today, the dwindling number of men who sailed under Halsey remain divided in their opinion of the leader, if not the man. It was Vice Adm. Takeo Kurita’s Center Force. Historians still ponder the what-ifs of his career: the ailment that prevented him from commanding during the battle at Midway, the lapses that led to unnecessary losses at Leyte Gulf and “Halsey’s Typhoon,” the December 1944 storm that sank three destroyers and wrecked much of his Third Fleet.Halsey was born into a navy family and, like so many navy juniors, followed the same path as his father, graduating the Naval Academy in 1904, forty-second in a class of sixty-two. He played an important role in the Battle of Leyte Gulf, the largest naval battle of the war. On one such mission, Halsey left Pearl Harbor on November 28, 1941, flying his pennant on the carrier Early on December 7, on the way home, the carrier launched aircraft to scout ahead. Kill more Japs!” Later in the war he told a stateside audience, “The only good Jap is one that’s been dead six months.”The smoke had barely cleared at Pearl Harbor when Adm. Chester A. Nimitz replaced Kimmel. In “The Admirals: Nimitz, Halsey, Leahy, and King — The Five-Star Admirals Who Won the War at Sea,” Walter R. Borneman recounts the careers and competition of the Navy’s top men.
After working to defend neutral American shipping from German U-boats, Spruance received orders to take over Cruiser Division Five in September 1941.
Halsey was a captain for eleven years, from 1927 to 1938—not unusual during the dolorous Depression years. The Hawaiian weathermen predicted a northerly path for the storm, which would have cleared Task Force 38 by some two hundred miles. Promoted to captain the following year, he departed to take the position of Chief of Staff and Aide to Commander Destroyers, Scouting Fleet in May 1933. But Third Fleet’s primary responsibility was protecting the amphibious forces. It was an alien existence for him. Subsequently Halsey became the first practitioner of the bypass strategy. It was perhaps the best example that he could be more than an instinctual fighter.Halsey remained at the helm of the South Pacific theater until early 1944, occasionally coordinating with MacArthur’s adjoining Southwest Pacific theater.
At the same time, an admiral with strategic understanding would have understood how critical it would be to protect the landings and cover the Seventh Fleet's northern flank. Halsey went after Japanese battleships in the Leyte Gulf, thinking that it was status quo, but Vice Admiral Takeo Kurita pulled the slip and chose to avoid a suicidal attack on an obsolete target.
There was nothing on earth to match Task Force 38, let alone the entire Third Fleet. Then from May onward Halsey presided over the final naval campaign, steering his fleet into another typhoon on June 5. The American southern flank was secure.Shortly past dawn, Seventh Fleet units off Samar saw pagoda masts on the horizon.
After our spectacular victory on June 4 1942 at Midway,Spruance chose to move east and avoid a surface action against the Japanese,who would have invited any chance to save "face" from the days humiliation by engaging in a night action,judging from their later sucesses off Savo Island,little doubt exists about that outcome,would Halsey have shown the same discretion?Tactically, Halsey was a tough and often brilliant admiral. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. Review Essay, Admiral Bill Halsey, A Naval Life, The author critiques a book by Thomas Alexander Hughes that profiles the life of Fleet Adm. William “Bull” Halsey, arguably the …
Frustrated beyond reckoning, he was “beached” in Hawaii.Nimitz’s code breakers learned that month of Japan’s plan to seize Midway Atoll, only 1,100 miles from Oahu, making a counterstroke essential. In August 1943, Spruance, now a vice admiral, returned to sea as Commander Central Pacific Force. If he was not the brightest admiral in the Pacific Fleet, he was eager to fight—an attitude that endeared him to Nimitz, whose own job was on the line.Halsey’s command of the famous Doolittle Raid against Tokyo in April 1942 powerfully enhanced his public image (in some quarters it was even the “Halsey–Doolittle” Raid).
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